自動(dòng)駕駛技術(shù)方興未艾，各國(guó)和各大公司都在此領(lǐng)域壓上重金，以期能夠引領(lǐng)自動(dòng)駕駛技術(shù)的發(fā)展方向。歐盟也概莫能例外。
據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，歐盟每年在自動(dòng)駕駛技術(shù)上面的研發(fā)投入超過(guò)57億歐元，占整個(gè)歐盟全年研發(fā)投入的28%，已經(jīng)成為歐盟研發(fā)投入最多的領(lǐng)域了。
歐盟認(rèn)為自動(dòng)駕駛技術(shù)的成熟和廣泛應(yīng)用取決于下列4個(gè)方面：

安全性
車(chē)輛與數(shù)字基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施之間，以及車(chē)與車(chē)之間安全，可靠和可信賴(lài)的通信；

用戶(hù)采納
更多用戶(hù)使用具備自動(dòng)駕駛能力的車(chē)輛或功能，同時(shí)整個(gè)社會(huì)（包括其他道路用戶(hù)）都能夠接受這些功能和車(chē)輛；

AI
人工智能可以在復(fù)雜的交通環(huán)境中實(shí)現(xiàn)安全的自動(dòng)駕駛。它還在智能移動(dòng)服務(wù)中起著重要作用；

測(cè)試
在開(kāi)闊道路上對(duì)自動(dòng)駕駛系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行大規(guī)模測(cè)試和驗(yàn)證對(duì)于進(jìn)一步開(kāi)發(fā)和部署至關(guān)重要。
在以上四個(gè)方面，歐盟和UNECE制訂了一系列的法律和法規(guī)來(lái)規(guī)范和引導(dǎo)，本文就整理了目前歐盟和UNECE頒布或草擬的各項(xiàng)相關(guān)法規(guī)：

1. 技術(shù)法規(guī)：
a) 自動(dòng)駕駛車(chē)輛框架文件（L3及以上）a）；
framework document on automated/autonomous vehicles (Proposal)
a: 此文件由歐盟、中國(guó)、日本和美國(guó)共同領(lǐng)導(dǎo)完成;
b) ALKS技術(shù)要求；
Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to automated lane keeping system (Proposal)
c) AEBS :
R131: Advanced Emergency Braking Systems (AEBS)
R152: Advanced Emergency Braking Systems for M1 and N1 vehicles (Proposal)
d) 制動(dòng)和轉(zhuǎn)向：
R13H: Uniform provisions concerning the approval of passenger cars with regard to braking;
R13: Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles of categories M, N and O with regard to braking;
R79: Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to steering equipment; (Proposal for new amend)
R139: Uniform provisions concerning the approval of passenger cars with regard to Brake Assist Systems (BAS);
R140: Uniform provisions concerning the approval of passenger cars with regard to Electronic Stability Control (ESC) Systems;
e) 盲點(diǎn)監(jiān)測(cè)：
R151: Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to blind Spot Information Systems (BISIS)；
f) eCall:
R144: Accident Emergency Call Systems (AECS)

2. 網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全：
The approval of vehicles with regard to cyber security and of cybersecurity management systems (Proposal)

3. 軟件更新：
The approval of vehicles with regard to software update processes and of software update management systems (Proposal)

4. 責(zé)任認(rèn)定和事故重現(xiàn)：
a) Data storage system for automated driving (DSSAD) Requirements for Draft ALKS Regulation; (Proposal)
b) Event Data Recorder (EDR) Performance Elements Appropriate for Adoption in 1958 and 1998 Agreement Resolutions or Regulations (Proposal)

5. 豁免指南
Guidelines on the exemption procedure for the EU approval of automated vehicles.

6. 道路安全
Road traffic safety resolution on the deployment of highly and fully automated vehicles in road traffic.

7. 交通法規(guī)
a) convention on road traffic (Vienna on 8 November 1968);
b) Convention on road traffic (Geneva on 19 September 1949).

8. 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施
a) (EC) 1071/2009 - common rules concerning the conditions to be complied with to pursue the occupation of road transport operator；
b) 2008/96/EC - road infrastructure safety management；
c) Resolution on road signs and signals；

9. 定期檢查
a) 2014/45/EU - periodic roadworthiness tests for motor vehicles and their trailers；
b) 1997 agreement: uniform conditions for periodical technical inspections of wheeled vehicles and the reciprocal recognition of such inspections；

10. 其它
a) (EU) 561/2006 - social legislation relating to road transport；
b) (EU) 165/2014 - tachographs in road transport

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