2022年3月15日，歐盟理事會(huì)就歐盟碳邊境調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制達(dá)成一致意見，表明該項(xiàng)政策在歐盟各成員國(guó)初步獲得共識(shí)。

一、立法內(nèi)容

本次會(huì)議中，歐盟理事會(huì)發(fā)布了碳邊境調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制一般方法（General approach），表明了自身立場(chǎng)；歐洲議會(huì)方面，去年12月環(huán)境、公共衛(wèi)生和食品安全委員會(huì)（碳邊境調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制的起草委員會(huì)）提交了關(guān)于碳邊境調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制的修訂草案；加上歐盟委員會(huì)于2020年提交的相關(guān)草案，三方機(jī)構(gòu)各自對(duì)碳邊境調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制提出了有差異的設(shè)計(jì)方案。下表從實(shí)施時(shí)間、碳關(guān)稅價(jià)格、內(nèi)含碳排放、涵蓋產(chǎn)品、默認(rèn)值等方面對(duì)比了歐盟委員會(huì)、歐洲議會(huì)和歐盟理事會(huì)的碳邊境調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制方案。

注：①‘direct emissions’ mean emissions from the production processes of goods over which the producer has direct control；

②‘direct emissions’ mean emissions from the production processes of goods over which the producer has direct control, including emissions from the production of heating and cooling consumed during the production processes；

‘indirect emissions’ mean greenhouse gas emissions from the production processes of electricity which is consumed during the production processes of goods.

③‘direct emissions’ mean emissions from the production processes of goods, including emissions from heating and cooling used for the production process regardless of the location of the production of the heating and cooling, and including electricity produced within the boundaries of the installation producing the goods;

‘indirect emissions’ mean emissions from the production of electricity which is consumed during the production processes of goods, excluding electricity produced within the boundaries of the installation producing the goods.

二、立法進(jìn)展

按照歐盟普通立法程序的規(guī)定，《歐盟碳邊境調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制》草案首先應(yīng)經(jīng)過(guò)歐洲議會(huì)“一讀”程序，通過(guò)后（可能存在修改），轉(zhuǎn)到歐盟理事會(huì)“一讀”程序。若歐洲議會(huì)和歐盟理事會(huì)就草案內(nèi)容達(dá)成一致，則法律生效。預(yù)計(jì)5月份歐洲議會(huì)將在環(huán)境、公共衛(wèi)生和食品安全委員會(huì)內(nèi)部投票表決碳邊境調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制，6月份在歐洲議會(huì)全體委員進(jìn)行表決。至此，歐洲議會(huì)“一讀”程序結(jié)束，進(jìn)入歐盟理事會(huì)“一讀”程序。本次會(huì)議中，歐盟理事會(huì)先于歐洲議會(huì)“一讀”就碳邊境調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制達(dá)成一致意見，可使歐洲議會(huì)“一讀”時(shí)充分考慮歐盟理事會(huì)立場(chǎng)，減少后續(xù)雙方存在分歧的可能性，一定程度上可以加快立法進(jìn)程。

中汽數(shù)據(jù)有限公司致力于汽車全行業(yè)碳排放管理研究,已形成了以碳排放方法學(xué)、數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)、工具、模型及平臺(tái)為核心的基礎(chǔ)研究能力。下一步，中汽數(shù)據(jù)將攜手汽車全產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈做好碳排放管理謀篇布局工作，以暢通國(guó)內(nèi)國(guó)外雙循環(huán)，促進(jìn)汽車行業(yè)低碳高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。